Comment les premières expériences cliniques dans les communautés rurales influencent l'apprentissage des étudiants en matière de généralisme rural sous l’angle de la théorie de l'éducation

Auteurs-es

  • Brian M Ross Northern Ontario School of Medicine University
  • Kirstie Taylor Northern Ontario School of Medicine University
  • Brenton Button University of Winnipeg
  • Frances Kilbertus Northern Ontario School of Medicine University
  • Erin Cameron Northern Ontario School of Medicine University

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.36834/cmej.77409

Résumé

Introduction : Les communautés rurales sont en moins bonne santé que les populations urbaines, en partie parce qu'elles ont moins accès aux soins de santé. Les stages de médecine en milieu rural peuvent permettre aux étudiants d'acquérir les connaissances et les compétences nécessaires pour travailler dans les communautés rurales et, on l'espère, augmenter le nombre de médecins y travaillent. On ne sait pas clairement comment les étudiants acquièrent des connaissances sur le généralisme rural au cours de leurs stages, et comment cela peut être compris en termes de théories éducatives socioculturelles et/ou basées sur le lieu de travail.  Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons étudié les expériences d'étudiants en médecine au pré-clinique qui ont effectué deux stages obligatoires de quatre semaines en milieu rural au cours de leur deuxième année d'études de médecine.

Méthodes : Les données ont été recueillies au moyen d'entrevues semi-structurées ou de groupes de discussion, suivis d'une analyse thématique des transcriptions des entrevues.

Résultats : Les stages en milieu rural ont permis aux étudiants de se familiariser avec le généralisme rural, notamment l'étendue de la pratique et les questions de limites. L'efficacité du préceptorat est essentielle pour que les étudiants acquièrent des connaissances et des compétences et qu'ils aient une expérience de stage positive.

Discussion :  Nos données témoignent du rôle central que jouent les médecins généralistes précepteurs quant au contenu et modes d’apprentissage des étudiants lorsqu'ils participent à des stages en milieu rural. La théorie de l'apprentissage socioculturel est celle qui explique le mieux l'apprentissage des étudiants, tandis que la théorie de la formation fondée sur le lieu contribue à orienter le programme d'études. Une formation et préparation efficace des précepteurs est probablement la clé d'une expérience de stage positive pour les étudiants.

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Publié-e

2024-04-15

Comment citer

1.
Ross BM, Taylor K, Button B, Kilbertus F, Cameron E. Comment les premières expériences cliniques dans les communautés rurales influencent l’apprentissage des étudiants en matière de généralisme rural sous l’angle de la théorie de l’éducation. Can. Med. Ed. J [Internet]. 15 avr. 2024 [cité 19 déc. 2024];15(2):6-13. Disponible à: https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/cmej/article/view/77409

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