Exploring the experiences of Canadian medical students with a background in the arts and humanities

Authors

  • Khadija Ahmed Western University
  • Arjun Patel Western University
  • Lorelei Lingard Western University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36834/cmej.77005

Abstract

Background: Arts and Humanities (A/H) training is a powerful strategy to help medical students develop key competencies which align with the CanMEDS roles that Canadian physicians are expected to embody. Students with backgrounds in A/H may enter medical school with the skills and dispositions that A/H training provides. This paper explores the varied experiences of medical students with prior A/H backgrounds, with an emphasis on how they navigate relationships with their student cohorts and participate in undergraduate medical training environments.

Methods: Descriptive qualitative research methodology was used to conduct and analyze semi-structured interviews exploring the perspectives of Canadian medical students with either a A/H degree or training in A/H (n = 13). Domains such as identity, integration of interests, and challenges in maintaining A/H interests during medical training were explored.

Results: Participants described their A/H identity as intertwined with their identity as medical trainees and described their sense of interconnection between the disciplines. Challenges included imposter syndrome and difficulties in relating with peers from science backgrounds. Participants described returning to their A/H interests as a tool for wellness amidst medical training.

Conclusions: Medical students with a background in A/H training describe this background as offering both affordances and challenges for their sense of identity, belonging, and wellness. These students offer an untapped resource: they come with dispositions of value to medicine, and they perceive a positive, hidden A/H curriculum that supports their maintenance of these dispositions during training. Understanding more about these hidden treasures could help foster the development of well-rounded and humanistic physicians in the entire medical class.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Khadija Ahmed, Western University

Undergraduate Medical Education, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada

Arjun Patel, Western University

Undergraduate Medical Education, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada

Lorelei Lingard, Western University

Professor, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University.
Professor, Faculty of Education, Western University.

Senior Scientist, Centre for Education Research & Innovation, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University.

References

Mangione S, Chakraborti C, Staltari G, et al. Medical students’ exposure to the humanities correlates with positive personal qualities and reduced burnout: a multi-institutional U.S. survey. J Gen Intern Med. 2018;33(5):628-634. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-017-4275-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-017-4275-8

Wershof Schwartz A, Abramson JS, Wojnowich I, Accordino R, Ronan EJ, Rifkin MR. Evaluating the impact of the humanities in medical education. Mt Sinai J Med. 2009;76(4):372-380. https://doi.org/10.1002/msj.20126 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/msj.20126

Wald HS, McFarland J, Markovina I. Medical humanities in medical education and practice. Med Teach. 2019;41(5):492-496. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2018.1497151 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2018.1497151

Frank JR, Danoff D. The CanMEDS initiative: implementing an outcomes-based framework of physician competencies. Med Teach. 2007;29(7):642-647. https://doi.org/10.1080/01421590701746983 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01421590701746983

Dellasega C, Milone-Nuzzo P, Curci KM, Ballard JO, Kirch DG. The humanities interface of nursing and medicine. J Prof Nurs. 2007;23(3):174-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2007.01.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2007.01.006

Ramai D, Goldin S. Humanities in medicine: preparing for practice. Perspect Med Educ. 2013;2(5-6):332-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-013-0086-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/S40037-013-0086-8

Gao L, Peranson J, Nyhof-Young J, Kapoor E, Rezmovitz J. The role of “improv” in health professional learning: A scoping review. Med Teach. 2019;41(5):561-568. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2018.1505033 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2018.1505033

Fox AL. Evaluation of a pilot arts and health module in a graduate community nutrition program. Can J Diet Pract Res. 2009;70(2):81-86. https://doi.org/10.3148/70.2.2009.81 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3148/70.2.2009.81

Maruyama M. Medical doodles: 30 minutes well spent. Interview by Carol Ann Courneya. Can Med Assoc J. 2012;184(12):1395-1396. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.111453 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.111453

Cox SM, Brett-MacLean P, Courneya CA. “My turbinado sugar”: Art-making, well-being and professional identity in medical education. Arts Health. 2016;8(1):65-81. https://doi.org/10.1080/17533015.2015.1037318 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17533015.2015.1037318

Emanuel EJ. Changing premed requirements and the medical curriculum. JAMA. 2006;296(9):1128-1131. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.296.9.1128 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.296.9.1128

Smydra R, May M, Taranikanti V, Mi M. Integration of arts and humanities in medical education: a narrative review. J Cancer Educ. 2022;37(5):1267-1274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-021-02058-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-021-02058-3

Kollmer Horton ME. The orphan child: humanities in modern medical education. Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 2019;14(1):1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13010-018-0067-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13010-018-0067-y

Banaszek A. Medical humanities courses becoming prerequisites in many medical schools. Can Med Assoc J. 2011;183(8):E441-2. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.109-3830 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.109-3830

Moniz T, Golafshani M, Gaspar CM, et al. How are the arts and humanities used in medical education? results of a scoping review. Acad Med. 2021;96(8):1213-1222. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000004118 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000004118

Kidd MG, Connor JTH. Striving to do good things: teaching humanities in Canadian medical schools. J Med Humanit. 2008;29(1):45-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10912-007-9049-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10912-007-9049-6

Axelrod C, Brenna CT, Gershon A, Peterkin A, Nyhof-Young J. The Companion Curriculum: medical students’ perceptions of the integration of humanities within medical education. Can Med Educ J. October 2022. https://doi.org/10.36834/cmej.72907 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36834/cmej.72907

Sandelowski M. Whatever happened to qualitative description? Res Nurs Health. 2000;23(4):334-340. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-240X(200008)23:4<334::AID-NUR9>3.0.CO;2-G DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-240X(200008)23:4<334::AID-NUR9>3.0.CO;2-G

Kim H, Sefcik JS, Bradway C. Characteristics of qualitative descriptive studies: A systematic review. Res Nurs Health. 2017;40(1):23-42. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.21768 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.21768

Braun V, Clarke V. Thematic Analysis: a practical guide. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE; 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69909-7_3470-2

Malterud K, Siersma VD, Guassora AD. Sample size in qualitative interview studies: guided by information power. Qual Health Res. 2016;26(13):1753-1760. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315617444 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315617444

Kiger ME, Varpio L. Thematic analysis of qualitative data: AMEE Guide No. 131. Med Teach. 2020;42(8):846-854. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2020.1755030 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2020.1755030

Ratzan RM. How to fix the premedical curriculum-another try. JAMA. 2019;322(8):710-711. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.11480 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.11480

Peterkin A, Beausoleil N, Kidd M, Orang B, Noroozi H, Brett-Maclean P. Medical humanities in Canadian medical schools. In: Alan B, ed. Routledge Handbook of the Medical Humanities. 1st ed. London: Routledge; 2019:364-374. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351241779-37

Bramstedt KA. The use of visual arts as a window to diagnosing medical pathologies. AMA J Ethics. 2016;18(8):843-854. https://doi.org/10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.8.imhl1-1608 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.8.imhl1-1608

Hunter KM, Charon R, Coulehan JL. The study of literature in medical education. Acad Med. 1995;70(9):787-794. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199509000-00016

Dennhardt S, Apramian T, Lingard L, Torabi N, Arntfield S. Rethinking research in the medical humanities: a scoping review and narrative synthesis of quantitative outcome studies. Med Educ. 2016;50(3):285-299. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.12812 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.12812

Kumagai AK, Naidu T. Reflection, dialogue, and the possibilities of space. Acad Med. 2015;90(3):283-288. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000000582 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000000582

Monrouxe LV. Identity, identification and medical education: why should we care? Med Educ. 2010;44(1):40-49. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03440.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03440.x

Joseph K, Bader K, Wilson S, Walker M, Stephens M, Varpio L. Unmasking identity dissonance: exploring medical students’ professional identity formation through mask making. Perspect Med Educ. 2017;6(2):99-107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-017-0339-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/S40037-017-0339-Z

Ledger A, Joynes V. “A huge part of my life”: Exploring links between music, medical education, and students’ developing identities as doctors. MedEdPublish. 2018;7(3). https://doi.org/10.15694/mep.2018.0000183.1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15694/mep.2018.0000183.1

Kluijtmans M, de Haan E, Akkerman S, van Tartwijk J. Professional identity in clinician-scientists: brokers between care and science. Med Educ. 2017;51(6):645-655. https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.13241 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.13241

Kumagai AK. Perspective: acts of interpretation: a philosophical approach to using creative arts in medical education. Acad Med. 2012;87(8):1138-1144. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e31825d0fd7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e31825d0fd7

Rabow MW. Drawing on experience: physician artwork in a course on professional development. Med Educ. 2003;37(11):1040-1041. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01650.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01650.x

Downloads

Published

2023-10-05

How to Cite

1.
Ahmed K, Patel A, Lingard L. Exploring the experiences of Canadian medical students with a background in the arts and humanities . Can. Med. Ed. J [Internet]. 2023 Oct. 5 [cited 2024 Apr. 27];15(1):6-14. Available from: https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/cmej/article/view/77005

Issue

Section

Original Research