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Évaluer le curriculum caché dans l'enseignement médical : un examen approfondi et une réflexion sur le programme de résidence

Auteurs-es

  • George J Li University of Toronto https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7811-177X
  • Marissa Sherwood University of Toronto
  • Andrea Bezjak University of Toronto
  • May Tsao University of Toronto

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.36834/cmej.78841

Résumé

Contexte : Bien que le curriculum caché soit de plus en plus reconnu comme une composante importante de l'éducation médicale, ses méthodes idéales d'évaluation ne sont pas bien connues. L'objectif de cette étude était d’examiner la documentation sur les méthodes d'évaluation du curriculum caché dans le contexte de la formation dans les domaines de la santé.

Méthodes : Nous avons effectué un examen de la documentation sur les méthodes de mesure ou d'évaluation du curriculum caché conformément au JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Les bases de données Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE et ProQuest ERIC ont été consultées depuis le début jusqu'à août 2023. Les études portant sur l'enseignement des soins de santé, y compris la médecine, ainsi que sur d'autres professions telles que les soins infirmiers, le travail social et la pharmacie ont été incluses. Nous avons ensuite recueilli les commentaires des parties prenantes en utilisant les résultats de cette étude pour orienter le processus d'évaluation continue du curriculum caché au sein de notre propre programme d'éducation médicale.

Résultats : Sur les 141 études retenues pour l'examen du texte intégral, 41 ont été retenues pour l'analyse et l'extraction des données. La plupart des études ont été menées en Amérique du Nord et sont de nature qualitative. La formation des médecins était la mieux représentée, la plupart des études portant sur la formation médicale de premier cycle (n = 21, 51 %). Les techniques d'évaluation comprenaient des entretiens (n = 19, 46 %), des enquêtes transversales (n = 14, 34 %), des réflexions écrites (n = 7, 17 %) et l'observation directe du milieu de travail (n = 2, 5 %). Bien que des tentatives de création de méthodes d'évaluation normalisées du curriculum caché aient été identifiées, il n'y avait pas d'exemples de déploiement dans un programme d'enseignement de manière officielle ou longitudinale. Aucune étude n'a fait état de mesures prises basées sur les résultats de l'évaluation. Des commentaires confidentiels ont été recueillis auprès des apprenants en médecine de niveau postdoctoral de notre programme. Ces commentaires ont ensuite été utilisés pour modifier notre processus d'évaluation longitudinale du curriculum caché.

Conclusions : Bien que le curriculum caché soit de plus en plus présent au sein de l'éducation médicale, la façon idéale de l'évaluer de manière pratique dans un contexte de formation dans les domaines de la santé n'est pas encore claire. Nous avons décrit le processus d'évaluation du curriculum caché utilisé dans notre programme, ce qui peut être instructif pour d'autres établissements qui tentent de mettre en œuvre une technique similaire. Les futures tentatives et études bénificieraient de faire état de données longitudinales et de l'impact des résultats de l'évaluation.

Statistiques

Chargement des statistiques…

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2024-06-10

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1.
Li GJ, Sherwood M, Bezjak A, Tsao M. Évaluer le curriculum caché dans l’enseignement médical : un examen approfondi et une réflexion sur le programme de résidence. Can. Med. Ed. J [Internet]. 10 juin 2024 [cité 15 nov. 2024];15(5). Disponible à: https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/cmej/article/view/78841

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Articles de synthèse, articles théoriques et méta-analyses