A scoping review of Fit in medical education: a guaranteed success, or a threat to inclusivity?

Julian Wang; Samuel Skulsky; Lindsey Sikora; Isabelle Raiche

doi:10.36834/cmej.78608

Auteurs-es

Julian Wang University of Ottawa
Samuel Skulsky University of Ottawa
Lindsey Sikora University of Ottawa
Isabelle Raiche University of Ottawa

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.36834/cmej.78608

Résumé

Contexte : Trouver des candidats qui s'adaptent aux environnements éducatifs est un objectif pour de nombreux éducateurs dans l'espoir que cela conduise à une formation réussie. On parlera familièrement de « bon candidat », de « bonne recrue » pour décrire un sentiment général, mais le domaine d'étude s'est développé pour inclure des termes spécifiques décrivant la compatibilité entre les personnes et leur environnement, les organisations et les emplois. Malgré son usage courant, le terme est souvent utilisé, mais de manière non spécifique, dans le domaine de l'enseignement médical. Cette étude a pour but d'examiner la littérature actuelle sur la compatibilité dans l'enseignement médical, la façon dont la compatibilité est définie et mesurée et si elle est en corrélation avec les résultats de l'enseignement.

Méthodes : Une recherche systématique a été effectuée dans les bases de données Medline, Embase, APA PsychINFO, ERIC et Education Source entre 1970 et le 23 avril 2024. Les termes clés de recherche comprenaient compatibilité (fit), étudiant, médecine, clinique, éducation. Les données pertinentes comprenaient les définitions de l'adéquation, les outils de mesure et la corrélation avec les résultats éducatifs. Le processus standard d’examen de la portée en six étapes ainsi que les recommandations du PRISMA-ScR ont été utilisés.

Résultats : L’étude a permis d'identifier 1960 articles non dupliqués, dont 11 ont été inclus dans la revue après sélection. La compatibilité (le fit) n'a été définie spécifiquement que dans trois articles et a été mesurée principalement par des tests de personnalité et de valeur au moyen d'entretiens et de sondages. Les résultats sur le plan éducationnel sont en corrélation positive avec la compatibilité, mais ils n'ont été étudiés que dans trois articles.

Conclusions : La compatibilité entre la personne et l'organisation peut être en corrélation positive avec les résultats des études médicales, mais les recherches dans ce domaine sont limitées. D'autres recherches devraient explorer les méthodes d'évaluation de la compatibilité lors de la sélection des apprenants, tout en considérant le risque de discrimination basé sur les biais intrinsèques.

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