Favoriser le développement de compétences non techniques chez les étudiants en médecine grâce à la participation des patients : revue rapide

Auteurs-es

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.36834/cmej.73630

Résumé

Contexte : Pour former des médecins aptes à répondre aux besoins et attentes évolutifs des patients, les facultés de médecine doivent trouver des stratégies éducatives pour stimuler le développement de compétences non techniques chez les étudiants. Cet article vise à synthétiser les études qui traitent de la participation des patients à la formation médicale comme stratégie prometteuse pour favoriser le développement de ces compétences.
Méthodes : Nous avons effectué une revue rapide de la littérature pour synthétiser les études primaires quantitatives, qualitatives et mixtes (janvier 2000-janvier 2022) qui décrivent des interventions visant l’engagement des patients dans la formation médicale et qui font état de résultats d’apprentissage non technique. Les études ont été extraites de Medline et d’ERIC. Deux examinateurs indépendants ont participé à la sélection des études et à l’extraction des données. Une synthèse narrative des résultats est présentée.
Résultats : Parmi les 3875 études recensées, 24 répondaient aux critères d’inclusion et ont été retenues. Ces études font état d’apprentissages non techniques (par exemple, des changements d’attitude, des compréhensions et connaissances nouvelles). Les études décrivent également diverses approches de recrutement et de préparation des patients, et diverses manières de concevoir leur participation (par exemple, la durée du contact, l’environnement d’apprentissage, l’autonomie du patient et le format) et le soutien pédagogique qui en découle. Quelques suggestions pratiques émergentes sont proposées.
Conclusion : D’après nos résultats, l’engagement du patient dans l’éducation médicale constitue une avenue prometteuse pour favoriser le développement d’une panoplie de compétences non techniques, tout comme la réflexivité formative et critique des étudiants. Ils indiquent également certaines conditions et contextes éducatifs qui favorisent la participation non instrumentale des patients. Il s’agit d’un plaidoyer en faveur d’interventions éducatives centrées sur les besoins et préoccupations des acteurs impliqués et sur les particularités des contextes locaux.

Statistiques

Chargement des statistiques…

Bibliographies de l'auteur-e

Julie Massé, Université Laval

JULIE MASSÉ is a Doctoral Candidate in Community Health, Faculty of Nursing, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada. She is affiliated with the Office of Education and Continuing Professional Development and the Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval. She is also student member of Vitam, Centre de recherche en santé durable, Quebec, Canada.

Stéphanie Beaura, Université Laval

STÉPHANIE BEAURA is a Medical Student and Research Trainee, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.

Marie-Claude Tremblay, Université Laval

MARIE-CLAUDE TREMBLAY is an Associate Professor and Researcher, Office of Education and Continuing Professional Development and Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada. She is also a regular member of Vitam, Centre de recherche en santé durable, Quebec, Canada.

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2023-02-28

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1.
Massé J, Beaura S, Tremblay M-C. Favoriser le développement de compétences non techniques chez les étudiants en médecine grâce à la participation des patients : revue rapide. Can. Med. Ed. J [Internet]. 28 févr. 2023 [cité 21 nov. 2024];14(4):47-69. Disponible à: https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/cmej/article/view/73630

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Articles de synthèse, articles théoriques et méta-analyses