Perceptions of bias in the selection of international medical graduate residency applicants in Canada

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DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36834/cmej.73320

Abstract

Background: In Canada, international medical graduates (IMG) consist of immigrant-IMG and previous Canadian citizens/permanent residents who attended medical school abroad (CSA). CSA are more likely to obtain a post-graduate residency position than immigrant-IMG and previous studies have suggested that the residency selection process favours CSA over immigrant-IMG. This study explored potential sources of bias in the residency program selection process.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with senior administrators of clinical assessment and post-graduate programs across Canada. We asked about perceptions of the background and preparation of CSA and immigrant-IMG, methods applicants use to improve likelihood of obtaining residency positions, and practices that may favour/discourage applicants. Interviews were transcribed and a constant comparative method was employed to identify recurring themes. 

Results: Of a potential 22 administrators, 12 (54.5%) completed interviews. Five key factors that may provide CSA with an advantage were: reputation of the applicant’s medical school, recency of graduation, ability to complete undergraduate clinical placement in Canada, familiarity with Canadian culture, and interview performance. 

Conclusions: Although residency programs prioritize equitable selection, they may be constrained by policies designed to promote efficiencies and mitigate medico-legal risks that inadvertently advantage CSA. Identifying the factors behind these potential biases is needed to promote an equitable selection process.

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References

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Published

2022-09-20

How to Cite

1.
Mathews M, Bourgeault I, Ryan D. Perceptions of bias in the selection of international medical graduate residency applicants in Canada. Can. Med. Ed. J [Internet]. 2022 Sep. 20 [cited 2024 Oct. 7];14(2):16-22. Available from: https://journalhosting.ucalgary.ca/index.php/cmej/article/view/73320

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Original Research