American Indians and Bullying in Schools
Mots-clés :
American Indians, schools, bullying, hate crimesRésumé
Recent studies show the frequency of school bullying has been on the rise (National Center for Education Statistics, 2011) and poses serious health threats to youth development (Nansel, et al., 2001). This study reviews the literature on the definition of bullying and examines the 2010 Minnesota Student Satisfaction survey on the victimization of American Indian students in public schools. The authors examined the extent of victimization by race/ethnicity, particularly for American Indian students, and how it correlates with gender and grade. Findings reveal that American Indian students are disproportionately victims of victimization and potential bullying. Suggestions for future research and implications for social work practitioners are described.
Références
Bachman, R., Randolph, A., & Brown, B. L. (2011). Predicting perceptions of fear at school and going to and from school for African American and White students: The effects of school security measures. Youth & Society, 43(2), 705-726. Berzin,
C. S., & O’Connor, S. (2010). Educating today’s school social workers: Are school social work courses responding to the changing context? Children &Schools, 32(4), 237-249.
Butterfield, R. (1983). The development and use of culturally appropriate curriculum for American Indian students. Peabody Journal of Education, 619(1), 4-66.
Chavers, D. (2000). Indian teachers and school improvement. Journal of American Indian Education, 39(2), 49-59. Retrieved from http://jaie.asu.edu/v39/V39I2A5.pdf
Coladarci, T. (1983). High-school dropout among Native Americans. Journal of American Indian Education, 23(1), 15-22. Retrieved from http://jaie.asu.edu/ v23/V23S1hig.html
Cunningham, N. (2007). Level of bonding to school and perception of the school environment of bullies, victims, and bully victims. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 27(4), 457-478.
Dehyle, D. (1992). Constructing failure and maintaining cultural identity: Navajo and Ute school leavers. Journal of American Indian Education, 31(2), 24-47. Retrieved from http://jaie.asu.edu/v31/V31S2con.html
Faircloth, S. C., & Tippeconnic, J. W., III. (2010). The dropout/graduation crisis among American Indian and Alaska Native students: Failure to respond places the future of Native peoples at risk. The Civil Rights Project/Proyecto Derechos
Civiles at UCLA. Retrieved from http://www.mtwytlc.com/PDF/Drop%20 Out%20-Graduation%20Crisis.pdf
Hunter, S. C., Boyle, J. M. E., & Warden, D. (2007). Perceptions and correlates of peer-victimization and bullying. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 77, 797-810.
Joseph, A., Slovak, K., Broussard, C. A., & Webster, P. (2012). School social workers and multiculturalism: Changing the environment for success. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 21(2), 129-143.
Marsiglia, F. F., Cross, S., & Mitchell-Enos, V. (1998). Culturally grounded group work with adolescent American Indian students. Social Work with Groups, 21(1),89-102.
Minnesota Department of Health. (n.d.). 2010 Minnesota Student Survey. Retrieved from http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/chs/mss/
Mouttapa, M., Valente, T., Gallaher, P., Rohrbach, L. A., & Unger, J. B. (2004). Social network predictors of bullying and victimization. Adolescence, 39(154), 315-335.
Nansel, T. R., Overpeack, M., Pilla, R. S., Ruan, W. J., Simons-Morton, B., & Scheidt, P. (2001). Bullying behaviors among US youth prevalence and association with psychosocial adjustment. American Medical Association, 285(16), 2094-2100.
National Center for Education Statistics. (2011). Student reports of bullying and cyber-bullying: Results from the 2007 school crime supplement to the national crime victimization survey. Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/ pubs2011/2011336.pdf
Pergolizzi, F., Richmond, D., Macario, S., Gan, Z., Richmond, C., & Macario, E. (2009). Bullying in middle schools: Results from a four-school survey. Journal of School Violence, 8, 264-279.
Perry, B. (2009). “There’s just places ya’ don’t wanna go”: The segregating impact of hate crimes against Native Americans. Contemporary Justice Review, 12(4), 401-418.
Peskin, M. F., Tortolero, S. R., & Markham, C. M. (2006). Bullying and victimiza- tion among black and Hispanic adolescents. Adolescence, 41(163), 467-484. Randa, R., &
Wilcox, P. (2010). School disorder, victimization and general v. place-specific student avoidance. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38, 854-861.
Reyner, J. (1992). American Indians out of school: A review of school-based causes and solutions. Journal of American Indian Education, 31(3), 37-56. Retrieved from http://jaie.asu.edu/v31/V31S3ind.htm
Robers, S., Zhang, J., Truman, J., & Snyder, T. D. (2010). Indicators of school crime and safety: 2010. National Center for Education Statistics & the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2011/2011002.pdf
Robers, S., Zhang, J., Truman, J., & Snyder, T. D. (2012). Indicators of school crime and safety: 2011. National Center for Education Statistics & the Bureau of Justice Statistics. Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2012/2012002.pdf
Sampson, R. (2009). Bullying in schools. U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved from http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/pdf/e12011405.pdf
Seals, D., & Young, J. (2003). Bullying and victimization: Prevalence and relationship to gender, grade level, ethnicity, self-esteem, and depression. Adolescence, 38(152), 735-747.
Shin, J. Y., D’Antonio, E., Son, H., Kim, S., Park, Y. (2011). Bullying and discrimination experiences among Korean-American adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 34, 873-883.
Smokowski, P. R., & Kopasz, K. H. (2005). Bullying in school: An overview of types, effects, family characteristics, and intervention strategies. Children & Schools, 27(2), 101-110.
Snell, P., & Englander, E. K. (2010). Cyberbullying victimization and behaviors among girls: Applying research findings in the field. Journal of Social Sciences,
(4), 510-514.
Southern Poverty Law Center. (2011). Violence crimes hit Native Americans hardest. Intelligence Report. Retrieved from http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/
intelligence-report/browse-all-issues/1999/spring/crime-study
Zyromski, B., Bryant, A., Jr., & Gerler, E. R., Jr. (2009). Online reflections about relationships at school: Implications for school violence. Journal of School Violence, 8, 301-311.