La pensee critique en science: presentation d 'un modele iconique en vue d 'une definition operationnelle

Abstract

In this paper, a critical review of literature is provided and different ways of defining critical thinking in science are explored: A tentative iconic model and an operational definition are proposed in order to stimulate exploratory observations and, eventually, the development of teaching strategies in science taking into account critical thinking. In our model, three main components of critical thinking are identified: the affective component (dispositions), the cognitive component (knowledge, basic skills, high order skills) , and the behavioral component (contextualised or generalised behaviors). The cognitive component is embedded in the affective component which modifies the development as well as the use of critical thinking skills and knowledge. The links between the environment and these critical thinking components are described as well as their mutual influences. This model emphasizes the key role of affectivity in the development and actualization of critical thinking in everyday life as a critical spirit.