Gestion d’établissement scolaire en contexte post-conflit armé : enjeux et défis pour les directions d’école en Côte D’Ivoire
Abstract
Jusqu’au début des années 2000, en plus d’être une puissance économique, la Côte d’Ivoire est considérée comme un exemple en matière d’éducation en comparaison aux autres pays de la sous-région. Toutefois, la situation bascule en 2002, plongeant le pays dans une décennie de crise sans précédent. Au sortir de cette période de crise, l’amélioration du système éducatif devient un enjeu. Dans ce contexte, le rôle de la direction d’école devient primordial. Cet article met en exergue le lien entre les pratiques de gestion mises en œuvre par cet acteur en contexte post-crise et la réussite des élèves. Une méthodologie qualitative est retenue pour permettre aux directions, à travers des entretiens semi-dirigés, d’expliciter le leadership qu’elles mettent en œuvre au quotidien. Les résultats montrent que l’amélioration de la réussite des élèves est une priorité pour elles. Elles exercent dès lors un leadership de type pédagogique centré sur les enseignements et les apprentissages.
Until the early 2000s, in addition to being an economic power, Côte d'Ivoire was considered an example in terms of education, compared to other countries in the sub-region. However, the situation changed in 2002, plunging the country into a decade of unprecedented crises. Coming out of this period of crisis, improving the education system becomes an issue. In this context, the role of the school principal becomes essential. This article highlights the management practices implemented by this actor in the post-crisis context, in relation to student success. A qualitative methodology is used to allow the school principals, through semi-structured interviews, to explain the leadership they implement on a daily basis. The results show that improving student success is a priority for them. They therefore exercise pedagogical leadership focused on teaching and learning.
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