The International Experience with Privatization: Its Rapid Rise, Partial Fall and Uncertain Future

Auteurs-es

  • John Nellis International Analytics

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.11575/sppp.v5i0.42389

Résumé

From a triumphant high in the late 20th century, esteem for privatization has significantly declined, post-2000. Politicians and businesspeople alike now take a more balanced view of its effectiveness, recognizing that privatization must happen in a supportive institutional and policy framework if it is to live up to its potential. They have also come to share a better understanding of the sociopolitical consequences – especially with regard to public opinion – that privatization inevitably brings with it. This paper provides a comprehensive examination of this 21st century global shift in perception, with an emphasis on developing and emerging markets. Through a rich trove of case studies, it accounts for why privatization has slowed, analyzing current and past trends from a variety of sectors worldwide. It also offers a thorough analysis of privatization’s effects on economies, societies and the political process, while giving ample space to critics’ views. Although powerbrokers now tend to view privatization warily, there is good reason to believe that, due to the impact of the ongoing global economic crisis on government budgets, its day will come again. This paper, with its impressively detailed and wide-ranging grasp of the phenomenon, is essential reading for academics, policymakers and economists –the individuals who must grapple with privatization’s implications when that day arrives.

Références

Andres, Luis, J. Luis Guasch, Thomas Haven and Vivien Foster, 2008. The Impact of Private Sector Participation in Infrastructure, Washington, DC: World Bank-PPIAF.

Arikan, G. Guslan, 2008. “How Privatization Affects the Level of Perceived Corruption,” Public Finance Review, Vol. 36, No. 6.

Aslund, Anders, 2007. How Capitalism was Built: The Transformation of Central and Eastern Europe, Russia and Central Asia. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Barlow, Maude, 2007. Blue Covenant: The Global Water Crisis and the Coming Battle for the Right to Water, Toronto: McClelland and Stewart.

Bevan, Alan, Saul Estrin and Mark Schaffer, 1999. “Determinants of Enterprise Performance During Transition,” Birmingham, U.K.: Centre for Environmental Research and Training, University of Birmingham, Working Paper No. 3.

Bjorvatn, Kletil and Tina Soreide, 2005. “Corruption and Privatization,” European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 21, pp. 903-914.

Black, Bernard, R. Kraakman and A. Tarassova, 2000. “Russian Privatization and Corporate Governance: What Went Wrong?,” Stanford Law Review, Vol. 52, pp. 1731-1808.

Boardman, Anthony E., Claude Laurin, Mark A. Moore and Aidan R. Vining, 2009. “A Cost-Benefit Analysis of the Privatization of Canadian National Railway,” Canadian Public Policy, Vol. 35, No. 1, March, pp. 59-83.

Boubakri, Narjess and Jean-Claude Cosset, 1998. “The Financial and Operating Performance of Newly Privatized Firms: Evidence from Developing Countries,” Journal of Finance, Vol. LIII, No. 3 (June, 1998), pp. 1081-1110.

Boubakri, Narjess, Jean-Claude Cosset, Klaus Fischer and Omrane Guedhami, 2005. “Privatization and Bank Performance in Developing Counties,” Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 29, pp. 2015-2041.

Boubakri, Jean-Claude Cosset and Houcem Smaoui, 2007. “Does Privatization Foster Changes in the Quality of Legal Institutions?” Les Cahiers du CREF, Montreal, Graduate School of Commerce (HEC), CREF 07-04, February.

Brown, J. David, John S. Earle and Almos Telegdy, 2006. “The Productivity Effects of Privatization: Longitudinal Estimates from Hungary, Romania, Russia and Ukraine,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 114, No. 1, pp. 61-99.

Brown, J. David, John S. Earle and Almos Telegdy, 2009. “Employment and Wages Effects of Privatization: Evidence from Hungary, Romania, Russia and Ukraine,” The Economic Journal, Vol. 120 (June), pp. 683-708.

Chong, Alberto and Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes, 2002. “Privatization and Labour Force Restructuring around the World,” World Bank, Policy Research Working Paper No. 2884, September.

Chong, Alberto and Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes, eds., 2005. Privatization in Latin America: Myths and Reality, Washington, DC: The World Bank.

Corporacion Latinobarometro, 2010. 2010 Report, Santiago, Chile.

Davis, Jeffrey, Rolando Ossowski, Thomas Richardson and Steven Barnett, 2000. “Fiscal and Macroeconomic Impact of Privatization,” International Monetary Fund, Occasional Paper No. 194.

Domah, P. and M. G. Pollitt, 2000. “The Restructuring and Privatization of Electricity Distribution and Supply Businesses in England and Wales: A Social Cost-Benefit Analysis,” Working Paper No. 7, University of Cambridge Department of Applied Economics.

En-Bai, Chong, Jiang Yong Lu and Zhigang Tao, 2009. “How Does Privatization Work in China?” Journal of Comparative Economics, Vol. 37, No. 3 (September).

Estache, Antonio, Vivien Foster and Quentin Woodon, 2002. Accounting for Poverty in Infrastructure Reform, Washington, DC, Studies in Development Series, World Bank Institute.

Estrin, Saul, Jan Hanousek, Evzen Kocenda and Jan Svejnar, 2009. “The Effects of Privatization and Ownership in Transition Economies,” Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 47, No. 3 (September).

European Bank of Reconstruction and Development, 2010. Transition Report 2010: Recovery and Reform. London.

Florio, Massimo, 2004. The Great Divestiture: Evaluating the Welfare Impact of the British Privatizations. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Freedland, Chrystia, 2000. Sale of the Century: Russia’s Wild Ride from Communism to Capitalism. London: Crown Business Books.

Galal, Ahmed, Leroy Jones, Pankaj Tandon and Ingo Vogelsang, 1995. Welfare Consequences of Selling Public Enterprises. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Galiani, Sebastian, Paul Gertler and Ernesto Schargrodsky, 2004. “Water for Life: The Impact of Privatization of Water Services on Child Mortality,” May 30, 2004, version, p. 3; available on the internet from the Social Science Research Network at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1751702. A slightly different version of the paper was published with the same title in the Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 113, No. 1, 2005, pp. 83-120.

Gassner, Katharina, Alexander Popov and Nataliya Pushak, 2008. “Does the private sector deliver on its promises? Evidence from a global study in water and electricity,” World Bank, Private Provision of Infrastructure Advisory Fund, Gridline Note No. 36, May.

Glaister, Stephen, 2004. “British Rail Privatization: Competition Destroyed by Politics,” CRI Occasional Paper No.23, Center for the Study of Regulated Industries, University of Bath.

Goldstein, Andrea and Guisieppe Nicoletti, 2003. “Privatization in Italy 1993-2002: Goals, Institutions, Outcomes and Outstanding Issues,” Paris, OECD Development Center Working Paper.

Guasch, J. Luis, 2004. Granting and Renegotiating Infrastructure Concessions. Washington: World Bank.

Gupta, Nandini, 2005. “Partial Privatization and Firm Performance,” Journal of Finance, Vol. 60, Issue 2 (April, 2005), pp. 987-1015.

Gupta, Nandini, John C. Ham and Jan Svejnar, 2001. “Priorities and Sequencing in Privatization – Theory and Evidence from the Czech Republic,” William Davidson Institute Working Paper No. 323, University of Michigan, September.

Harris, Clive, 2003. “Private Participation in Infrastructure in Developing Countries,” World Bank Working Paper No. 5.

Havrylyshyn, Oleh and D. McGettigan, 2000. “Privatization in Transition Economies,” Post-Soviet Affairs, Vol. 16, 2000, pp. 257-286.

Havrylyshyn, Oleh and Saleh M. Nsouli, editors, 2001. A Decade of Transition: Achievements and Challenges. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.

Jones, Leroy, Yahya Jammal, Nilgün Gökgür and Sunita Kikeri, 2008. “Doing Privatization Right: What it Takes to Maximize Gains in Low-income Countries,” World Bank, Viewpoint No. 319.

Judt, Tony, 2010. Ill Fares the Land, N.Y., The Penguin Press.

Kauffmann, Daniel and Paul Siegelbaum, 1997. “Privatization and Corruption in the Transition Economies,” Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 419-458.

Kikeri, Sunita and Aishetu Kolo, 2006. “Privatization Trends,” World Bank, Public Policy for the Private Sector Note No. 303.

Kikeri, Sunita and Aishetu Kolo, 2006. “State Enterprises: What Remains?” World Bank, Public Policy for the Private Sector, Note Number 304.

Kikeri, Sunita and Verena Phipps, 2007. “Privatization Trends: A Record Year for Initial Public Offerings in 2007,” World Bank, Viewpoint: Public Policy for the Private Sector.

Kikeri, Sunita and Matthew Perault, 2010. “Privatization Trends: A Sharp Decline but no Widespread Reversals,” World Bank, Viewpoint: Public Policy for the Private Sector, Note Number 332, May.

Kirkpartick, Colin, David Parker and Yin-Fang Zhang, 2006. “State Versus Private Provision of Water Services in Africa: An Empirical Analysis,” World Bank Economic Review, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 143-163.

Koyuncu, Cuneyt, Harun Ozturkler and Rasim Yilmaz, 2010. “Privatization and Corruption in Transition Economies: A Panel Study,” Journal of Economic Policy Reform, Vol. 13, Issue 3 (June), pp. 277-284.

La Porta, Raphael and Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes, “The Benefits of Privatization: Evidence from Mexico,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 114, No. 4 (November, 1999), pp. 1193-1242.

Lee, Junyeop, 2009. “State-Owned Enterprises in China: Reviewing the Evidence,” OECD Occasional Paper, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Working Group on Privatization and Corporate Governance of State-Owned Assets, Paris.

Lee, Sang-Ho, 2006. “Welfare Improving Privatization Policy in the Telecommunications Industry,” Contemporary Economic Policy, Vol. 24, Issue 2, April, pp. 237-248.

Li, Wei and Lixin Colin Xu, 2004. “The Impact of Privatization and Competition in the Telecommunications Sector Around the World,” Journal of Law and Economics, Vol. 47, No. 2, August, pp. 37.

Lieberman, Ira and Rogi Veimetra, 1996. “The Rush for State Shares in the ‘Klondyke” of Wild-East Capitalism: Loans-for-Shares Transactions in Russia,” The George Washington Journal of International Law and Economics, Vol. 29 (No. 3).

Lieberman, Ira and Daniel Kopf, eds., 2008. Privatization in Transition Economies: The Ongoing Story, New York, Elsevier.

Loc, Truong Dong, Ger Lanjouw and Robert Lensinck, 2006. “The impact of privatization on firm performance in a transition economy: The case of Vietnam,” Economics of Transition, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2006, 349-389.

Megginson, William and Jeffrey Netter, “From state to market: A survey of empirical studies on privatization,” Working Paper, New York Stock Exchange and SBF Bourse de Paris. Revised version published by the authors in 2001. “From State to Market: A Survey of Empirical Studies on Privatization,” Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. XXXIX, (June, 2001), pp. 321-389.

Megginson, William L., 2005. “The economics of bank privatization,” Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol. 29, pp. 1931-1980.

Mota, Rafaella Lisboa, 2003. “The Restructuring and Privatization of the Electricity Distribution and Supply Businesses in Brazil: A Social Cost-Benefit Analysis,” Working Paper 16, University of Cambridge, Department of Applied Economics.

Nellis, John and Nancy Birdsall, eds., Reality Check: The Distributional Impact of Privatization in Developing Countries, Washington, DC: Center for Global Development.

Nellis, John, 2007. “Privatization: A Summary Assessment,” The SAIS Review of International Affairs, Summer-Fall 2007, Vol. XXVII (No. 2), pp. 3-29.

Nellis, John, 2009. “Where public and private merge: privatization and corruption,” in Transparency International, Global Corruption Report, 2009, New York, Cambridge University Press, pp. 75-80.

Newbery, David and M. G. Pollitt, 1997. “The Restructuring and Privatization of Britain’s CEGB: Was it Worth It?” Journal of Industrial Economics, Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 269-303.

OECD, 2002. “Recent Privatization Trends in OECD Countries,” OECD, Paris.

Pollitt, M. G. and A. S. J. Smith, 2002. “The Restructuring and Privatization of British Rail: Was it Really that Bad?” Fiscal Studies, Vol. 23, No. 4.

Pollitt, M. G., 2009. “The Welfare Implications of Oil Privatization: A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Norway’s Statoil,” University of Cambridge, Faculty of Economics Working Paper No. 0912, March.

Privatization Barometer, 2010. The PB Report, 2010, Milan, (www.privatizationbarometer.net).

Roland, Gerard, editor, 2008. Privatization Successes and Failures, N.Y., Columbia University Press.

Shleifer, Andrei and Daniel Treisman, 2000. Without a Map: Political Tactics and Economic Reform in Russia. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Stiglitz, Joseph, 1999. “Quis Custodiet Ipsos Custodes? Corporate Governance Failures in the Transition,” Annual European World Bank Conference on Development Economics, Paris: June.

Tandon, Pankaj, 1995. “Welfare Effects of Privatization: Some Evidence from Mexico,” Boston University International Law Journal, Vol. 13, No. 2 (1995), pp. 329-49.

Williamson, John, 1990. “What Washington Means by Policy Reform,” Chapter 2 in John Williamson, ed., Latin American Adjustment, Washington, DC, Institute of International Economics.

World Bank, 2009. Privatization Database, http://rru.worldbank.org/Privatization/.

Zhang, Yin-Fang, David Parker and Colin Kirkpatrick, 2008. “Electricity Sector Reform in Developing Countries: An Econometric Assessment of the Effects of Privatization, Competition and Regulation,” Journal of Regulatory Economics, Vol. 33, No. 2, April.

Téléchargements

Publié-e

2012-02-02

Numéro

Rubrique

Research Papers