Assisted Reproduction Policy in Federal States: What Canada Should Learn From Australia

Auteurs-es

  • Dave Snow University of Calgary
  • Rainer Knopff University of Calgary

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.11575/sppp.v5i0.42382

Résumé

Rapid advances in assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) confront policymakers worldwide with dilemmas that touch on the fundamentals of human existence — life, death, and sexuality. Canada, following the lead of non-federal Britain, spent 15 years developing the comprehensive, national Assisted Human Reproduction Act (2004), only to have the Supreme Court strike much of it down in 2010 for invading provincial jurisdiction. As Canadians return to square one on many ART issues, they should seek inspiration from Australia, where the lead role of the states in this policy area has not prevented significant coordination on matters of broad consensus. Like their federal cousins down under, Canadians who wish to harmonize ART policy in a constitutionally acceptable manner must now rely more heavily on legislative modeling among provinces, intergovernmental agreements, and non-statutory (even nongovernmental) guidelines.

Références

Baier, Gerald. 2006. Courts and Federalism: Judicial Doctrine in the United States, Australia, and Canada. Vancouver: UBC Press.

Bailey, Ian, and Bill Curry. 2011. “Flaherty’s 10-Year Health Plan Divides Provinces.” The Globe and Mail, December 19, 2011: http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/flahertys-10-year-health-careplan-divides-provinces/article2277221/.

Baker, Dennis. 2011. “Federalism and the Criminal law Power: Comparative Constitutional Design and Its Consequences.” Paper presented to the Association of Criminal Justice Sciences, Toronto, March 2.

Bakvis, Herman, Gerald Baier, and Douglas Brown. 2009. Contested Federalism: Certainty and Ambiguity in the Canadian Federation. Don Mills, ON: Oxford University Press.

Berdahl, Loleen. 2011. “(Sub)National Economic Union: The Evolution of Internal Trade Policy in Canada.” Paper presented at the 2011 Prairie Political Science Association Annual Meeting, Lethbridge, Alberta, September 24.

Blackwell, Tom. 2010A. “‘Red Flag’ Raised at Fertility Agency.” National Post,April 21: A4.

Blackwell, Tom. 2010B. “Fertility Law Leaves us in Limbo, Doctors Say.” National Post, April 30: A1.

Blackwell, Tom. 2010C. “Observers Divided on Fertility Ruling.” National Post, December 23: A1.

Boychuk, Gerard W. 2002. “Public Health Care Provision in the Canadian Provinces and the American States.” Canadian Public Administration 45.2: 217-238.

Brown, Douglas M. 2002. Market Rules: Economic Union Reform and Intergovernmental Policy Making in Australia and Canada. Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press.

Canada. 1993. Proceed with Care: Final Report of the Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies. Ottawa: Minister of Government Services Canada.

Canada. 2001. Assisted Human Reproduction: Building Families. Report of the Standing Committee on Health. Ottawa: Public Works and Government Services Canada.

Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2011. “Patchwork Regulations Likely Outcome of Reproductive Technology Ruling.” Unsigned Editorial, March 8, http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/reprint/183/4/E215.pdf.

Courchene, Thomas J. 2010. “The Economic Integration Continuum and the Canadian Securities Industry: In Praise of the Status Quo.” Institute for Research on Public Policy (October), http://www.irpp.org/miscpubs/archive/courchene_securities.pdf.

Crowley, Brian Lee, Robert Knox, and John Robson. 2010. “Citizen of One, Citizen of the Whole: How Ottawa can Strengthen Our Nation by Eliminating Trade Barriers with a Charter of Economic Rights.” True North (Macdonald-Laurier Institute 1.2 (June): http://www.macdonaldlaurier.ca/citizenofone/.

Dharamdial, Justin. 2011. “A Primer to the National Securities Regulator Reference.” The Court.CA, November 11: http://www.thecourt.ca/2011/11/11/a-primer-to-the-national-securities-regulator-reference.

Dobuzinskis, Alex. 2011. “‘Octomom’ Doctor Loses California Medical License.” Reuters, June 1, http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/06/01/us-octomom-idUSTRE7507TL2011060.

Fukuyama, Francis. 2002. Our Posthuman Future: Consequences of the Biotechnology Revolution. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.

Guichon, Juliet, Michelle Giroux, and Ian Mitchell. 2008. “Once More, an Unregulated Nightmare.” The Globe and Mail, June 24, http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/opinions/article693776.ece.

Hagger, Lynn. 1997. “The Role of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority.” Medical Law International 3.1: 1-22

Hogg, P. W. 1979. “Is the Supreme Court of Canada Biased in Constitutional Cases?” Canadian Bar Review 57.4: 721-739.

Jones, Mavis, and Brian Salter. 2007. “Learning to Regulate: Values, Actors, and Instruments in Developing Canada’s Assisted Human Reproduction Framework.” GBRG Working Paper 22 (July).

Jones, Mavis, and Brian Salter. 2010. “Proceeding Carefully: Assisted Human Reproduction Policy in Canada.” Public Understanding of Science 19.4: 420-434.

Kirkey, Sharon, and Janice Tibbetts, 2010. “Ruling Creates Regulation Gap.” Edmonton Journal. December 23: A3.

L’Ecuyer, Gilbert. 1978. La cour supreme du Canada et le partage des competences 1949-1978. Quebec: Gouvernement du Quebec, Ministere des Affaires intergouvernementales.

Laskin, Carl A. 2010. “The Supreme Court Judgment.” Canadian Fertility and Andrology Society, December 23, http://www.cfas.ca/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1061:supremecourt-judgment&catid=3:newsflash.

Lortie, Pierre. 2010. Securities Regulation in Canada at a Crossroads. University of Calgary, The School of Public Policy Research Paper 3.5 (October), http://policyschool.ucalgary.ca/?q=content/securitiesregulation-canada-crossroads.

Lortie, Pierre. 2011. “Securities Regulation in Canada: The Case for Effectiveness,” IRPP Study 19 (October). http://www.irpp.org/pubs/IRPPstudy/IRPP_Study_no19.pdf

Macfarlane, Emmett. 2011. “The National Securities Regulator and Judicial Stockholm Syndrome.” Maclean’s, December 22, http://www2.macleans.ca/2011/12/22/the-national-securities-regulator-fallsvictim-to-judicial-stockholm-syndrome/.

McClure, Matt. 2010. “Alberta Fertility Industry to Remain Unregulated.” Calgary Herald. December 23: A3.

Miller Chenier, Nancy. 2002. “Intergovenrmental Consultations on Health: Toward a National Framework on Reproductive Technologies.” Library of Parliament, Working Paper PRB 02-34E, http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection-R/LoPBdP/PRB-e/PRB0234-e.pdf.

Monahan, Patrick. “Securities Reform goes back to the Drawing Board.” The Globe and Mail, December 22, http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/opinions/opinion/securities-reform-goes-back-tothe-drawing-board/article2280939/.

Pierson, Paul. 2000. “Increasing Returns Path Dependence, and the Study of Politics.” American Political Science Review 94.2: 251-261

Puri, Poonam. 2001. “The Capital Markets Perspective on a National Securities Regulator.” Supreme Court Law Review 51.2: 603-623.

Quebec. 2011. “Assisted Procreation.” Ministère de la Santé des Services Sociaux, http://www.msss.gouv.qc.ca/en/sujets/santepub/assisted-procreation.php.

Russell, Peter H. 1985. “The Supreme Court and Federal-Provincial Relations: The Political Use of Legal Resources,” Canadian Public Policy 11.2: 161-170.

Spencer, Christina. 2010. “Head of Reproductive Agency Defends Travel.” CNews Politics, June 15, http://cnews.canoe.ca/CNEWS/Politics/2010/06/15/14400246.html.

Toronto Star. 2010. “Supreme Court Ruling Muddies Issue.” Unsigned Editorial, December 23: A22.

Victoria Times-Colonist. 2011. “Law Needed for High-Tech Births.” Unsigned Editorial, January 9: C2.

Téléchargements

Publié-e

2012-04-04

Numéro

Rubrique

Research Papers