Sea Ice Pressures observed on the Second "Manhattan" Voyage

Abstract

Sea-ice pressures encountered by the icebreaker Louis S. St. Laurent while escorting the tanker Manhattan in the Baffin Bay area in April-May 1970 were observed along with certain wind, ice and ship performance data. Pressure severity was estimated qualitatively. Most pressure episodes occurred during periods of onshore winds; and frequency of occurrence increased with higher wind speeds as did pressure severity. Pressure episodes were of short duration, but the overall inhibiting effect on vessel performance was substantial.