Effectiveness of Patient Education on Reducing Non-Adherent Behaviours among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Scoping Review
Abstract
Background. Non-adherence to treatment, medications, dietary requirements, and fluid restrictions are common issues among in-center hemodialysis patients leading to an increased risk for hospitalization and mortality. Non-adherent behavior is difficult to manage when patients do not have a clear understanding of their disease process. The purpose of this study is to review the literature on the effectiveness of patient education on nonadherence in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients undergoing in-center hemodialysis. Methods. Using a scoping review approach, three databases were searched including PubMed, CINHAL Plus and MEDLINE. A total of 95 articles were retrieved. After titles and abstracts screening 15 articles were relevant and selected for full-text reviews. A total of 8 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for data extraction. Results: Of the eight included articles, five studies investigated adherence to dietary phosphate and phosphate binders, two examined adherence to treatment, and one explored diet and fluid restrictions. All eight of the articles focused on effectiveness of education interventions on nonadherent behaviour in patients. The findings of this review indicate that patient education has improved patient’s adherence. Conclusion. The scoping review indicated that patient education in an in-center hemodialysis setting has a positive impact in improving adherence to diet, medication use, fluid restrictions, and treatment. These findings highlight the critical role of nephrology nurses in delivering structured education interventions and support the development of nurse-led education frameworks to improve patient outcomes. Future research is needed to establish a standardized framework for the implementation of patient education programs and to further identify the influence on patient education provided by all members of a multidisciplinary team.
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