SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS OF PATIENTS FOLLOWING AN ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common complication resulting from surgical procedures. As they impact patient recovery, well-being, and the health care system, SSIs cost time and money. Researchers have identified a number of factors influencing the causation and prevention of SSIs. The purpose of this paper is to examine the literature in regard to factors that have an impact on the incidence of SSI. A review of the literature was guided by the following PICO question: "In women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy, what are the most effective interventions to be used in a standardized care plan, when compared to current practice with varied and undefined interventions, in reduction of surgical site infection?". Four key variables were identified that either influence the incidence of SSI, or are important in shaping policy concerns regarding SSI. The most evident interventions were prophylactic antibiotics and preoperative washing. The findings from literature regarding dressings remain inconclusive in the reduction of SSI incidence. Furthermore, the findings for obese women showing a higher risk for SSI remain inconclusive, but specialized interventions can be used for this group. These findings help to bring further attention to how research in these key areas can improve future nursing practice.